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Hard forks

What hard forks were implemented, and what functionalities did they introduce?

Cardano Hard Forks

Hard forks in Cardano do not signify division and differences within the ecosystem. On the contrary, they define a specific and collectively agreed-upon exact time (slot) when all nodes switch from the current era to a new one, applying new functions, validation rules, or parameter values. All stake pool operators need to install the upgrade, and they also have a say and must agree to it. A Cardano hard fork is, therefore, not a separation but a precise collective evolution.


Timeline
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hard fork transaction ids

Note that some hard forks, particularly Byron and Shelley, transitioned through a series of updates and may not have a single specific transaction id associated with them. For the others, the provided transaction ids correspond to significant parameter updates leading to the hard forks.