CIP-1694 splits the voting thresholds into two families of protocol parameters: dvt* for DRep thresholds and pvt* for SPO (stake pool operator) thresholds. The applicable subset depends on the action type, and several action types also require Constitutional Committee approval on top of the DRep/SPO votes.
DRep voting thresholds (dvt*)
| Parameter | Applies to |
| --- | --- |
| dvtMotionNoConfidence | Motion of no confidence in the Constitutional Committee |
| dvtCommitteeNormal | Updating committee members or thresholds in a state of confidence |
| dvtCommitteeNoConfidence | Updating committee members or thresholds while in no-confidence |
| dvtUpdateToConstitution | Adopting a new constitution or guardrails script |
| dvtHardForkInitiation | Initiating a hard fork |
| dvtPPNetworkGroup | Changing network protocol parameters |
| dvtPPEconomicGroup | Changing economic protocol parameters |
| dvtPPTechnicalGroup | Changing technical protocol parameters |
| dvtPPGovGroup | Changing governance protocol parameters |
| dvtTreasuryWithdrawal | Approving a treasury withdrawal |
SPO voting thresholds (pvt*)
| Parameter | Applies to |
| --- | --- |
| pvtMotionNoConfidence | Motion of no confidence in the Constitutional Committee |
| pvtCommitteeNormal | Updating committee members or thresholds in a state of confidence |
| pvtCommitteeNoConfidence | Updating committee members or thresholds while in no-confidence |
| pvtHardForkInitiation | Initiating a hard fork |
| pvtPPSecurityGroup | Changing any security-relevant protocol parameter |
The governance action insights page visualises which thresholds apply to each action type and how the three bodies (DReps, SPOs, Constitutional Committee) interact in the ratification flow.
Explore next
- Governance ActionA formal proposal submitted on-chain for the Cardano community to vote on.View term
- DRepA representative that ada holders delegate their on-chain voting power to, so the DRep votes on governance actions on their behalf; like choosing someone to represent your interests in parliament.View term
- Constitutional CommitteeA governing body in Cardano's governance system that votes on the constitutionality of governance actions, serving as a check alongside DReps and stake pool operators.View term
- CIP-1694The Cardano Improvement Proposal that defines Cardano's on-chain governance system, introducing DReps, the Constitutional Committee, and formal governance actions.View term
- DRep Activity PeriodThe protocol parameter that sets how many epochs a DRep can go without casting any vote before they are marked inactive and their delegated voting power stops counting until they vote again.View term
- Governance Action LifetimeThe protocol parameter that caps how many epochs a governance action can stay open for votes before it expires unresolved.View term